Exfo FTB-7000 OTDR Series for FTB-500 Manuel d'utilisateur Page 21
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Introducing the Optical Time Domain Reflectometer
OTDR 7
OTDR Basic Principles
OTDR Basic Principles
An OTDR sends short pulses of light into a fiber. Light scattering occurs in
the fiber due to discontinuities such as connectors, splices, bends, and
faults. An OTDR then detects and analyzes the backscattered signals. The
signal strength is measured for specific intervals of time and is used to
characterize events.
The OTDR calculates distances as follows:
where
c = speed of light in a vacuum (2.998 x 10
8
m/s)
t = time delay from the launch of the pulse to the reception of the
pulse
n = index of refraction of the fiber under test (as specified by the
manufacturer)
Distance
c
n
---
t
2
---
×=
- User Guide 1
- OTDR Series for FTB-500 1
- Contents 3
- DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY 10
- Domain Reflectometer 15
- Other models 16
- Main Features 17
- Trace Acquisition Modes 18
- Data Post-Processing 18
- Available OTDR Models 18
- OTDR Basic Principles 21
- 2 Safety Information 25
- Safety Information 26
- 3 Getting Started with Your 27
- Turn retaining screw knob 30
- FTB-500 left panel 30
- Turn retaining screw knob(s) 32
- Starting the OTDR Application 34
- Split Bar 36
- Status Bar 36
- Exiting the Application 37
- 4 Setting Up Your OTDR 39
- Defining Cables 43
- Defining the Cable Location 44
- Measurements 69
- 5 Testing Fibers in Auto Mode 71
- 6 Testing Fibers in Advanced 77
- Acquisition Time 85
- Selection 87
- Parameters setting dials 87
- Acquisition 90
- Setting Pass/Fail Thresholds 92
- Information 99
- Selecting the Operation Mode 100
- IMPORTANT 102
- Retesting Channels 105
- 7Testing Fibers in Template 107
- Restrictions of Template Mode 108
- Processing Traces 110
- Acquiring the Reference Trace 111
- 100 OTDR 114
- OTDR 101 115
- 102 OTDR 116
- OTDR 103 117
- 104 OTDR 118
- OTDR 105 119
- 106 OTDR 120
- OTDR 107 121
- 8 Customizing the Application 123
- 110 OTDR 124
- OTDR 111 125
- 112 OTDR 126
- Discarding Unnamed Trace 127
- 114 OTDR 128
- OTDR 115 129
- Selecting the Distance Units 130
- 118 OTDR 132
- OTDR 119 133
- 120 OTDR 134
- OTDR 121 135
- OTDR 123 137
- Acquisitions 138
- Defining OTDR Setups 139
- 126 OTDR 140
- Selecting an OTDR Setup 142
- 9 Analyzing Traces and Events 143
- 130 OTDR 144
- Event Pane 145
- Analyzing Traces and Events 148
- Measure Pane 149
- Trace Info Pane 149
- Viewing Test Results 150
- Using Zoom Controls 151
- 138 OTDR 152
- 140 OTDR 154
- OTDR 141 155
- To di s pl a y a 155
- Customizing the Event Table 156
- 144 OTDR 158
- OTDR 145 159
- Pulse width 159
- 146 OTDR 160
- Displaying or Hiding a Trace 161
- 148 OTDR 162
- OTDR 149 163
- 150 OTDR 164
- OTDR 151 165
- 152 OTDR 166
- OTDR 153 167
- Trace information 168
- Trace settings information 168
- OTDR 155 169
- 156 OTDR 170
- OTDR 157 171
- 160 OTDR 174
- OTDR 161 175
- Inserting Events 177
- 166 OTDR 180
- 168 OTDR 182
- ³ Threshold at 0.05 dB 182
- ³ Threshold at 0.1 dB 182
- ³ Threshold at 0.15 dB 182
- OTDR 169 183
- OTDR 171 185
- 172 OTDR 186
- Reflective Ends of Fiber 188
- OTDR 177 191
- Entering Comments 192
- Opening Trace Files 193
- 180 OTDR 194
- Type of file Zoom Marker 194
- OTDR 181 195
- 182 OTDR 196
- Defining a Reference Trace 197
- 184 OTDR 198
- 10 Analyzing the Results 199
- Manually 199
- 186 OTDR 200
- Using Markers 201
- 188 OTDR 202
- Least-Square Approximation) 203
- 190 OTDR 204
- A-B LSA loss 205
- OTDR 191 205
- 192 OTDR 206
- Getting Reflectance 210
- OTDR 197 211
- ORL between 211
- Total return loss 211
- 11 Managing Trace Files 213
- 202 OTDR 216
- Managing Trace Files 217
- OTDR Trace File Compatibility 218
- File generated with 219
- 208 OTDR 222
- OTDR 209 223
- Selected 223
- 210 OTDR 224
- OTDR 211 225
- Customizing the Report 226
- Compressed 227
- Multitrace 227
- 214 OTDR 228
- 216 OTDR 230
- 218 OTDR 232
- OTDR 219 233
- Printing a Report 234
- OTDR 221 235
- Current fiber 235
- Current trace 235
- 222 OTDR 236
- 13 Using the OTDR as a Light 237
- Source or VFL 237
- 224 OTDR 238
- 226 OTDR 240
- OTDR 227 241
- 228 OTDR 242
- OTDR 229 243
- 230 OTDR 244
- Item To be valid 245
- 232 OTDR 246
- OTDR 233 247
- 234 OTDR 248
- OTDR 235 249
- OTDR 237 251
- To set a fiber span: 252
- OTDR 239 253
- 240 OTDR 254
- Changing Event Tables 256
- Parameters 257
- OTDR 245 259
- 246 OTDR 260
- OTDR 247 261
- Saving Traces 262
- Documenting Results 264
- Creating a Report 264
- Remote Control 265
- OTDR 253 267
- 254 OTDR 268
- 16 Maintenance 273
- Verifying Your OTDR 276
- Verif yi ng Your OTDR 277
- 264 OTDR 278
- 266 OTDR 280
- 268 OTDR 282
- Recalibrating the Unit 284
- Recycling and Disposal 285
- 17 Troubleshooting 287
- 274 OTDR 288
- Solving Common Problems 288
- Problem Cause Solution 288
- Error Messages 290
- 278 OTDR 292
- ³ Stop any acquisition that 292
- Viewing Online Documentation 293
- FTB-7X00D-XX-XX-XX 294
- FTB-7200D-XX-XX-XX 294
- FTB-7X00E-XXB-XX-XX 294
- Transportation 295
- 18 Warranty 297
- Service and Repairs 299
- 286 OTDR 300
- A Technical Specifications 301
- Technical Specifications 302
- B Description of Event Types 307
- Span Start 308
- Span End 308
- Short Fibers 308
- Continuous Fiber 309
- End of Analysis 310
- Non-Reflective Event 311
- Reflective Event 312
- Positive Event 313
- Launch Level 314
- Fiber Section 315
- Merged Event 316
- OTDR 303 317
- Pass/Fail Tests 318
- All Event Types Are Tested 319
- 306 OTDR 320
- OTDR 307 321
- C SCPI Command Reference 325
- Quick Reference Command Tree 326
- SCPI Command Reference 327
- CATalog? 453 331
- Command Parameter(s) P 331
- :ABORt[1..n] 332
- :CALCulate[1..n]:ANAlysis 333
- [:UNIDirectional] 333
- :CALCulate[1..n]:ATTenuation? 334
- :CALCulate[1..n]:CLValue? 336
- :CALCulate[1..n]:EVENt? 338
- :CALCulate[1..n]:EVENt:COUNt? 341
- :CALCulate[1..n]:HFACtor 343
- :CALCulate[1..n]:HFACtor? 345
- OTDR 333 347
- :CALCulate[1..n]:IORefraction 348
- 336 OTDR 350
- OTDR 337 351
- :CALCulate[1..n]:LOSS? 352
- :CALCulate[1..n]:ORL? 354
- :CALCulate[1..n]:REFLectance? 356
- :CALCulate[1..n]:RBScatter 359
- :CALCulate[1..n]:RBScatter? 361
- :CALCulate[1..n]:SLOSs? 363
- 352 OTDR 366
- ³ Label: 367
- ³ End-of-Fiber: 367
- 354 OTDR 368
- :CALCulate[1..n]:THReshold: 369
- REFLectance 369
- REFLectance? 371
- OTDR 359 373
- 360 OTDR 374
- ³ Splice Loss: 374
- OTDR 361 375
- :CALCulate[1..n]:TORL? 376
- :CONFigure[1..n]:ACQuisition 378
- :CONFigure[1..n]:ACQuisition: 380
- DURation 380
- DURation? 381
- HRESolution 383
- HRESolution? 384
- OTDR 371 385
- 372 OTDR 386
- OTDR 373 387
- 374 OTDR 388
- ³ Wavelength: 389
- ³ Range: 389
- 376 OTDR 390
- OTDR 377 391
- LIMit:HIGH? 392
- LIMit:LOW? 393
- 380 OTDR 394
- WAVelength? 395
- WAVelength:LIST? 396
- OTDR 383 397
- 384 OTDR 398
- :CONFigure[1..n]:ANAlysis: 399
- IORefraction 399
- IORefraction? 400
- OTDR 387 401
- RBScatter? 402
- OTDR 389 403
- EOFiber? 404
- OTDR 393 407
- 394 OTDR 408
- :ERRor[1..n]? 409
- OTDR 397 411
- :FETCh[1..n]:ASETting:PULSe? 412
- :FETCh[1..n]:ASETting:RANGe? 413
- :FETCh[1..n]:CFConnector? 414
- :FETCh[1..n]:DURation? 415
- :FETCh[1..n]:HRESolution? 416
- :FETCh[1..n]:LFIBer? 417
- :FETCh[1..n]:PULSe? 418
- :FETCh[1..n]:RANGe? 419
- :FETCh[1..n]:STEP? 420
- OTDR 407 421
- 408 OTDR 422
- :FETCh[1..n]:WAVelength? 423
- :INITiate[1..n][:IMMediate] 424
- :INITiate[1..n]:STATe? 425
- :MMEMory[1..n]:DATA:TYPE? 426
- :MMEMory[1..n]:LOAD:NAME? 427
- :MMEMory[1..n]:LOAD:TRACe 428
- :MMEMory[1..n]:STORe:TRACe 429
- :MMEMory[1..n]:STORe:TRACe: 430
- OVERwrite 430
- OVERwrite? 432
- :SOURce[1..n]:FREQuency:BURSt 433
- OTDR 421 435
- 422 OTDR 436
- OTDR 423 437
- 424 OTDR 438
- :SOURce[1..n]:FREQuency:PRF 439
- :SOURce[1..n]:FREQuency:PRF? 441
- OTDR 429 443
- 430 OTDR 444
- :SOURce[1..n]:POWer:STATe 445
- :SOURce[1..n]:POWer:STATe? 446
- OTDR 433 447
- 434 OTDR 448
- FREQuency 449
- FREQuency? 451
- OTDR 439 453
- 440 OTDR 454
- OTDR 441 455
- 442 OTDR 456
- OTDR 443 457
- 444 OTDR 458
- OTDR 445 459
- 446 OTDR 460
- :SOURce[1..n]:WAVelength 461
- :SOURce[1..n]:WAVelength? 462
- 450 OTDR 464
- :TRACe[1..n][:DATA]? 465
- :TRACe[1..n]:CATalog? 467
- :TRACe[1..n]:POINts? 468
- OTDR 457 471
- OTDR 459 473
- OTDR 461 475
- OTDR 463 477
- OTDR 465 479
- ₼⦌␂ℝ☀⹂䓸德棟Ⓟ䤓屓⸩ 480
- MARKING REQUIREMENTS 481
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